The transhumant subject of modern Philosophy and the transformations of the real

Abstract

This article explores the modern paradigm of the subject that, such as a traveller goes abroad on a time capsule, crosses over different eras and contexts. Ove the time, it has been the theme of reflections of all kinds, which also projects it to an open consideration of the future, by declaring its death at the present time or by tossing it back to the past to recall its formative stages. Thus, the objective of the article is to provide an overview of the philosophical category of the subject that marked the ways on thinking about the reality in areas as diverse as knowledge, moral life, historical development, social revolutions, political structures and artistic creation, among other theoretical and practical problems. The article considers two different moments. The first section, called “The irruption of the subject in Modernity”, focusses on some of the defining phases at conceptual level and the determining junctures that made it the centre of gravity for the philosophy. The second one is entitled “The subject and the transformations of the real.” It outlines the outcome of modern philosophy in the context of the first decades of the twentieth century, when the task that corresponds to the philosophy is set as the sense of reality changes, as well as the canon that made the relation between subject and object to be the axis of thought.