Patologías posparto y origen de vacas infértiles en ganado lechero en el altiplano mexicano
Barra lateral del artículo
Publicado:
2021-02-24
Palabras clave:
infertilidad, problemas metabólicos, vacas lecheras, vacas estabuladas, altiplano
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
La infertilidad en vacas lecheras estabuladas es un problema creciente y una de las principales causas de desecho. El objetivo fue determinar el origen de infertilidad en vacas lecheras estabuladas del altiplano mexicano con patologías posparto. Se estudiaron 1,110 vacas Holstein estabuladas y divididas por número de parto: primero (n=389); segundo, (n=296) y tres o más (n=425). El análisis estadístico se realizó haciendo una comparación de medias (modelo ANOVA) y factores de riesgo (Odds Ratio). El 80.5% de las vacas permanecieron sanas después del parto, 15,6% resultaron infértiles y el 3,9% no presentó cambios. La prevalencia de patologías fue del 19,5% encontrando que el grupo de vacas con patologías reproductivas tuvieron mayor porcentaje (p<0,05) de infertilidad (25,0%). Se incrementó el problema de infertilidad con el número de partos, siendo el grupo de vacas de tres o más partos y con patologías reproductivas las de mayor porcentaje de vacas infértiles comparadas con las de segundo y primer parto (39,0%, 30,0% y 14,0%;
p<0,05, respectivamente). Se identificaron como factores de riesgo vacas de segundo parto (OR: 2,24 IC95%: 1,06-4,95) y aquellas con más de tres partos que presentaron patologías reproductivas (OR: 1,95 IC95%: 1,03-3,71). En conclusión, las vacas que presentaron patologías reproductivas tuvieron el mayor porcentaje de infertilidad, el cual incrementó hasta cuatro veces el riesgo de quedar vacías, especialmente si presentaban más de dos partos. No se pudo explicar por completo el porcentaje de vacas infértiles con las patologías posparto, quedando un 15.6% de vacas infértiles con
diferente origen.
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Artículo Científico
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The undersigned author partially transfers the copyrights of this work to Universidad Politécnica Salesiana of Ecuador for the printed edition.
Referencias
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Bradford, B.J. y Swartz, T.H. (2019). Review. Following the smoke signals: Inflammatory signaling in metabolic homeostasis and homeostasis in dairy cattle. Animal 14 (s1), s144-s154 https://doi: doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119003203
Castaño, F.A., Rugeles, C.C., Betancur, C.A., Ramirez- López, C.J. (2014). Impacto del estrés calórico sobre la actividad reproductiva en bovinos y consideraciones para mitigar sus efectos sobre la reproducción. Revista Biosalud. 13(2), 84-94
Córdova, A. Leal, A., Murillo, A. (2002). Causa de infertilidad en ganado bovino. Medicina Veterinaria. 19:112-124
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Chebel, R.C., Mendonca, L.G.D. y Baruselli, P.S. (2018). Association between body condition score changes during the dry period and postpartum health and performance. J. Dairy Sci. 101:4595-4614 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13732
Denis-Robichaud, J. y Dubuc, J. (2015). Determination of optimal diagnostic criteria for purulent vaginal discharge and cytological endometritis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 98(10), 6848–6855 https://doi:10.3168/jds.2014-9120
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Diskin, M.G., Murphy, J.J. y Sreenan, J.M. (2006). Embryo survival in dairy cows managed under pastoral conditions. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 96,297–311 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.08.008
Dubuc, J., Duffield, T.F., Leslie, K.E., Walton, J.S. y LeBlanc, S.J. (2012). Risk factors and effects of postpartum anovulation in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 95(4),1845–1854 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4781
Dubuc, J. y Denis-Robichaud, J. (2017). A dairy herd-level study of postpartum diseases and their association with reproductive performance and culling. J. Dairy Sci. 100(4), 3068–3078 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-12144
Esposito, G., Irons, P. y Webb, E. (2014). Interactions between negative energy balance, metabolic diseases, uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Sci.144 (3-4), 60-71 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.11.007
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Hudson, CD., Bradley, AJ., Breen, JE., y Green, MJ. (2012). Associations between udder health and reproductive performance in United Kingdom dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 95(7), 3683-3697 https://doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4629
Kaewlamun, W., Grimard, B., Duvaux-Ponter, C. y Ponter, A.A. (2020). Kick-starting ovarian cyclicity by using dietary glucogenic precursors in post-partum dairy cows: a review. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine 8(1), 39-48 https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2020.1773188
Lammoglia, M.A., Hernández, J., Daniel, I., Zamora, D., Barrientos, M. y Domínguez, B. (2015). The effect of the most common diseases during the first 100 days postpartum on pregnancy rate and reproductive performance in the Mexican highlands dairy cows. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci. 5(9), 370-374 Disponible: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283459575_The_effect_of_the_most_common_diseases_during_the_first_100_days_of_post_partum_on_pregnancy_rate_and_reproductive_performance_in_the_Mexican_highlands_dairy_cows [Consultado: 20 de noviembre 2020]
LeBlanc, S. J. (2010). Monitoring metabolic health of dairy cattle in transition period. J. Reprod. Dev. 56(S), S29–S35 https://doi:10.1262/jrd.1056s29
Lucy, MC., Butler, ST., y Garverick, HA. (2014). Endocrine and Metabolic mechanisms linking postpartum glucose with early embryonic and foetal development in dairy cows. Animal 8(s1), 82-90 https://doi:10.1017/S1751731114000482
Macdonald, K.A., Penno, J.W., Lancaster, J.A.S. y Roche, J.R. (2008). Effect of stocking rate on pasture production, milk production, and reproduction of dairy cows in pasture-based systems. J. Dairy Sci. 91(5), 2151-2163 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0630
Melendez, P., Marin, M.P., Robles, J., Rios, C., Duchens, M. y Archbald, L. (2009). Relationship between serum nonesterified fatty acids at calving and the incidence of periparturient diseases in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenology; 72(6), 26-833 https://doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.06.001
Miglior, F., Fleming, A., Malchiodi, F., Brito, L.F., Martin, P. y Baes, C.F. (2017). A 100-Year Review: Identification and genetic selection of economically important traits in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. 100(12), 10251–10271 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12968
Oltenacu, P.A. y Algers, B. (2005). Selection for Increased Production and the Welfare of Dairy Cows: Are New Breeding Goals Needed? AMBIO A Journal of the Human Environment. 37(2), 108-113 http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447
Sheldon, I.M. (2020). Diagnosing postpartum endometritis in dairy cattle. Veterinary Record. 186(3), 88-90 https:// http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.m222
Sheldon, I.M., Price, S.B., Cronin, J., Gilbert, R.O. y Gadsby, J.E., (2009a). Mechanisms of infertility associated with clinical and subclinical endometritis in high producing dairy cattle. Reprod Dom Anim. 44(S3):1–9 https://doi:10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01465.x
Sheldon, I.M., Cronin, J., Goetze, L., Donofrio, G. y Schuberth, H.J., (2009b). Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle. Biol Reprod. 81(6), 1025–1032 https://doi:10.1095/biolreprod.109.077370
Thrusfield, M., Ortega, C., de Blas, I., Noordhuizen, JP. y Frankena K. (2001). Win Episcope 2.0: Improved epidemiological Software for veterinary medicine. Veterinary Record, 148(18), 567-572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.148.18.567
Trevisi, E., Amadori, M., Archetti, I., Lacetera N. y Bertoni, G. 2011. Inflammatory response and acute phase proteins in the transition period of high-yielding dairy cow. Chapter 14, pp 355-380. https://doi:10.5772/20747
Vallejo-Timarán, D. A., Benavides-Melo C. J., Morillo Patiño D. P., J. Astaíza-Martínez, M. y Chaves-Velásquez C. A. (2017). Efecto de las enfermedades en posparto temprano sobre el intervalo parto concepción: un estudio de cohorte en vacas lecheras de Pasto, Colombia. Rev. CES Med. Zootec. 12(1), 33-43 https://doi:10.21615/cesmvz.12.1.3
Vieira-Neto, Gilbert, R.O., Butler, W.R., Santos, J.E.P., Ribeiro, E.S., Vercouteren, M. M., Bruno, R.G., Bittar, J.H.J. y Galvão, K.N. (2014). Individual and combined effects of anovulation and cytological endometritis on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 97(9), 5415–5425 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7725
Walsh, R.B., Kelton, D.F., Duffield, T.F., Leslie, K.E., Walton, J. S. y LeBlanc, S.J. (2007). Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum anovulatory condition in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(1), 315–324 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302 (07)72632-2
Wathes, D., Cheng, Z., Bourne, N., Taylor, V., Coffey, M. y Brotherstone, S. (2007). Differences between primiparous and multiparous dairy cows in the interrelation- ships between metabolic traits, milk yield and body condition score in the peri- parturient period. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 33(2), 203–225 https://doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.05.004
Barker, R., Schrick, F., Lewis, M. y Dowlen, H. (2009). Influence of Clinical Mastitis during Early Lactation on Reproductive Performance of Jersey Cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81(5),1285-1290 https://doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75690-5
Bradford, B.J. y Swartz, T.H. (2019). Review. Following the smoke signals: Inflammatory signaling in metabolic homeostasis and homeostasis in dairy cattle. Animal 14 (s1), s144-s154 https://doi: doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119003203
Castaño, F.A., Rugeles, C.C., Betancur, C.A., Ramirez- López, C.J. (2014). Impacto del estrés calórico sobre la actividad reproductiva en bovinos y consideraciones para mitigar sus efectos sobre la reproducción. Revista Biosalud. 13(2), 84-94
Córdova, A. Leal, A., Murillo, A. (2002). Causa de infertilidad en ganado bovino. Medicina Veterinaria. 19:112-124
Chebel, R.C. (2007). Mastitis effects on reproduction. NMC Regional Meeting Proceedings. 43-55. Disponible: http:// www.agweb.com/assets/import/files/repro.pdf [Consultado: 15 de octubre 2020]
Chebel, R.C., Mendonca, L.G.D. y Baruselli, P.S. (2018). Association between body condition score changes during the dry period and postpartum health and performance. J. Dairy Sci. 101:4595-4614 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13732
Denis-Robichaud, J. y Dubuc, J. (2015). Determination of optimal diagnostic criteria for purulent vaginal discharge and cytological endometritis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 98(10), 6848–6855 https://doi:10.3168/jds.2014-9120
Crowe, M.A., Diskin, M.G. y Williams, E.J. (2014). Parturition to resumption of ovarian cyclicity: comparative aspects of beef and dairy cows. Animal 8(1), 40-53 https://doi:10.1017/S1751731114000251
Deori, S. y Phookan, A. (2015). Bovine postpartum metritis and its therapeutics: A review. Indian J. of Sci. and Technology 8(23)1-5 https://doi:10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i23/52386
Diskin, M.G., Murphy, J.J. y Sreenan, J.M. (2006). Embryo survival in dairy cows managed under pastoral conditions. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 96,297–311 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.08.008
Dubuc, J., Duffield, T.F., Leslie, K.E., Walton, J.S. y LeBlanc, S.J. (2012). Risk factors and effects of postpartum anovulation in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 95(4),1845–1854 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4781
Dubuc, J. y Denis-Robichaud, J. (2017). A dairy herd-level study of postpartum diseases and their association with reproductive performance and culling. J. Dairy Sci. 100(4), 3068–3078 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-12144
Esposito, G., Irons, P. y Webb, E. (2014). Interactions between negative energy balance, metabolic diseases, uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows. Animal Reproduction Sci.144 (3-4), 60-71 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.11.007
Fabian, D., Bystriansky, J., Cikos, S., Bukovská, A., Burkus, J. y Koppel, J. (2010). The effect on preimplantation embryo development of non-specific inflammation localized outside the reproductive tract. Theriogenology, 74(9), 1652-1660 https://doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.06.038
Hudson, CD., Bradley, AJ., Breen, JE., y Green, MJ. (2012). Associations between udder health and reproductive performance in United Kingdom dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 95(7), 3683-3697 https://doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4629
Kaewlamun, W., Grimard, B., Duvaux-Ponter, C. y Ponter, A.A. (2020). Kick-starting ovarian cyclicity by using dietary glucogenic precursors in post-partum dairy cows: a review. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine 8(1), 39-48 https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2020.1773188
Lammoglia, M.A., Hernández, J., Daniel, I., Zamora, D., Barrientos, M. y Domínguez, B. (2015). The effect of the most common diseases during the first 100 days postpartum on pregnancy rate and reproductive performance in the Mexican highlands dairy cows. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci. 5(9), 370-374 Disponible: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283459575_The_effect_of_the_most_common_diseases_during_the_first_100_days_of_post_partum_on_pregnancy_rate_and_reproductive_performance_in_the_Mexican_highlands_dairy_cows [Consultado: 20 de noviembre 2020]
LeBlanc, S. J. (2010). Monitoring metabolic health of dairy cattle in transition period. J. Reprod. Dev. 56(S), S29–S35 https://doi:10.1262/jrd.1056s29
Lucy, MC., Butler, ST., y Garverick, HA. (2014). Endocrine and Metabolic mechanisms linking postpartum glucose with early embryonic and foetal development in dairy cows. Animal 8(s1), 82-90 https://doi:10.1017/S1751731114000482
Macdonald, K.A., Penno, J.W., Lancaster, J.A.S. y Roche, J.R. (2008). Effect of stocking rate on pasture production, milk production, and reproduction of dairy cows in pasture-based systems. J. Dairy Sci. 91(5), 2151-2163 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0630
Melendez, P., Marin, M.P., Robles, J., Rios, C., Duchens, M. y Archbald, L. (2009). Relationship between serum nonesterified fatty acids at calving and the incidence of periparturient diseases in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenology; 72(6), 26-833 https://doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.06.001
Miglior, F., Fleming, A., Malchiodi, F., Brito, L.F., Martin, P. y Baes, C.F. (2017). A 100-Year Review: Identification and genetic selection of economically important traits in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. 100(12), 10251–10271 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12968
Oltenacu, P.A. y Algers, B. (2005). Selection for Increased Production and the Welfare of Dairy Cows: Are New Breeding Goals Needed? AMBIO A Journal of the Human Environment. 37(2), 108-113 http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447
Sheldon, I.M. (2020). Diagnosing postpartum endometritis in dairy cattle. Veterinary Record. 186(3), 88-90 https:// http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.m222
Sheldon, I.M., Price, S.B., Cronin, J., Gilbert, R.O. y Gadsby, J.E., (2009a). Mechanisms of infertility associated with clinical and subclinical endometritis in high producing dairy cattle. Reprod Dom Anim. 44(S3):1–9 https://doi:10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01465.x
Sheldon, I.M., Cronin, J., Goetze, L., Donofrio, G. y Schuberth, H.J., (2009b). Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle. Biol Reprod. 81(6), 1025–1032 https://doi:10.1095/biolreprod.109.077370
Thrusfield, M., Ortega, C., de Blas, I., Noordhuizen, JP. y Frankena K. (2001). Win Episcope 2.0: Improved epidemiological Software for veterinary medicine. Veterinary Record, 148(18), 567-572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.148.18.567
Trevisi, E., Amadori, M., Archetti, I., Lacetera N. y Bertoni, G. 2011. Inflammatory response and acute phase proteins in the transition period of high-yielding dairy cow. Chapter 14, pp 355-380. https://doi:10.5772/20747
Vallejo-Timarán, D. A., Benavides-Melo C. J., Morillo Patiño D. P., J. Astaíza-Martínez, M. y Chaves-Velásquez C. A. (2017). Efecto de las enfermedades en posparto temprano sobre el intervalo parto concepción: un estudio de cohorte en vacas lecheras de Pasto, Colombia. Rev. CES Med. Zootec. 12(1), 33-43 https://doi:10.21615/cesmvz.12.1.3
Vieira-Neto, Gilbert, R.O., Butler, W.R., Santos, J.E.P., Ribeiro, E.S., Vercouteren, M. M., Bruno, R.G., Bittar, J.H.J. y Galvão, K.N. (2014). Individual and combined effects of anovulation and cytological endometritis on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 97(9), 5415–5425 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7725
Walsh, R.B., Kelton, D.F., Duffield, T.F., Leslie, K.E., Walton, J. S. y LeBlanc, S.J. (2007). Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum anovulatory condition in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90(1), 315–324 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302 (07)72632-2
Wathes, D., Cheng, Z., Bourne, N., Taylor, V., Coffey, M. y Brotherstone, S. (2007). Differences between primiparous and multiparous dairy cows in the interrelation- ships between metabolic traits, milk yield and body condition score in the peri- parturient period. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 33(2), 203–225 https://doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.05.004